Table 1 |
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Cell-internalizing aptamers for targeted delivery. |
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Cell-internalizing aptamers |
Cargoes and strategy for targeted delivery |
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RNA aptamers against PSMA |
1) siRNA (non-covalently conjugate siRNA with aptamer via a streptavidin connector [49]; aptamer-siRNA chimeras [17,18] and bivalent aptamer-siRNA conjugates [77]). |
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2) Toxin [73] (chemically covalently conjugate toxin with aptamer via SPDP reagent) |
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3) Nanoparticles and chemotherapeutic agents [62-70] (cargoes such as dextran, docetaxel, Pt(IV) and doxorubicin were encapsulated into aptamer-coated nanoparticles; aptamer-Dox physical conjugates via intercalation interaction) |
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RNA aptamers against CD4 |
siRNA [25] (non-covalently assemble pRNA-siRNA chimera with pRNA-aptamer chimera into dimer or trimer) |
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RNA aptamers against HIV gp120 |
siRNA [19,20] (aptamer-siRNA chimeras; non-covalently conjugate siRNA with aptamer via a 'sticky bridge') |
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RNA aptamers against TN-C |
Radionuclide and fluorescent agents (chemically covalently conjugate 99mTc or fluorescent agents with aptamers) |
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DNA aptamers against PTK7 |
1) Doxorubicin [93] (chemically covalently conjugate Dox with aptamer via an acid-labile linkage) |
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2) Viral capsid [94] (chemically covalently conjugate MS2 viral capsid with aptamer via an oxidative coupling reaction) |
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DNA aptamers against TfR |
Enzyme [74] (chemically covalently conjugate a-L-iduronidase with aptamer via an oxidative coupling reaction) |
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DNA aptamers against NCL |
Liposomes and chemotherapeutic agents [71] (cisplatin was encapsulated into liposomes that was non-covalently coated with aptamers) |
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DNA aptamers against MUC1 |
Photodynamic therapy agents [72] (chemically covalently conjugate chlorine e6 with aptamer via EDC chemistry) |
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The RNA or DNA aptamers used as delivery vehicles for various cargoes via different strategies are listed in the table. EDC, (1-ethyl-3-[3-dimethylaminopropyl]carbodiimide hydrochloride); gp120, glycoprotein 120 (envelope protein); MUC1, mucin protein (membrane-associated glycoprotein); NCL, nucleolin (a bcl-2 mRNA binding protein); pRNA, phage RNA; PSMA, prostate-specific membrane antigen; PTK7, protein tyrosine kinase 7 (a transmembrane receptor); siRNA, small interfering RNA; SPDP, N-[O-succinimdy]-3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate; TfR, Transferrin receptor (in mouse); TN-C, tenasin-C (a hexameric glycoprotein). |
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Zhou and Rossi Silence 2010 1:4 doi:10.1186/1758-907X-1-4 |
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